History of the Telephone and Telegraph in the Europe

History of telegraphy in Europe The ancient telegraph comprised of drums, mirrors that reflected light and smoke signals. Through several attempts scientists invented a way of conveying messages through a telegraph (Brock 34). The earliest scientists Webster’s defined a telegraph as an equipment or apparatus used in communication at a distance by sending coded signals (Maximilian 12). Samuel Morse came up with the SOS code that is still in use till today (Lewis 45).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on History of the Telephone and Telegraph in the Europe specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He identified this when he went for studies in Europe and on his return he discovered it while communicating with fellow passengers on electricity in the year 1832. He built his first experiment in the year 1843, between Washington and Baltimore, after obtaining a loan from the Congress. It enabled him to send his first message to Chappes system which was â€Å"what hath God wrought.†Chappes replied and told him the following â€Å"if you succeed you will bask in glory (Gabler 22).† Bain Alexander and the Royal House made the introduction of the arrival of the patent between 1846 and 1849. This was a more advanced patent since it could send and receive printed messages by using a keyboard at both ends. It was also faster than Morse invention. Although both telegraphs had the same idea of sending messages, the new model used a discolored paper treated with chemicals to give a printed text. Around 1851 ten different telegraph firms were established in New York. It created much competition among the firms in different cities in Europe. The competition grew stiff that the companies started losing messages without taking responsibility. This led to integration of all the competing companies to form a consolidated industry. Integration and merging of firms took place most between 1853 and 1857 (Max imilian 24). This led to the formation and signing of the â€Å"treaty of six nations† it provided for the six large competing firms to merge together (Brock 47). The last face of integration took place between 1857 and 1866. This is when only two main firms remained namely the American Telegraph Company and the Western Union. The Western union had an advantage over the competing firm leading to the federal government to respond by introducing legislation bills (Gabler 28). Most of the bills were opposed by the Western Union and the few that passed only helped the Western industry to monopolize the market. The arrival of Jay Gould with his Pacific and Atlantic Telegraph company in 1874 posed great danger to the Western (Lewis 49). This made the Western Union agree to join hands together with the new company in 1881. A more dangerous competitor arrived in 1880s. This is the Postal Telegraph Company that was headed by John Mackey. He made a network through buying of less econom ic firms and merging together to form a network with a wide economic scale to create competition against the Western Union although it did not bore much fruits (Maximilian 36).Advertising Looking for essay on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Transition from Telegraph to Telephone A transition is a turning point from one face to another. Telegraphs were invented long a way in 1830s. They served people while developing from stage to stage until in 1876 when Alexander Graham introduced the new technology of the bell patents (telephone). It was largely referred to as the talking telegraph (Gabler 36). The arrival of the new technology posed a lot of pressure on the telegraph owners by over talking through their market. This found the Western Union at cross roads. They had to decide on investing or continue getting more profit from the then flourishing telegraph business. The management made a wrong choice to stick on their telegraph mission without focusing ahead (Brock 56). The Alexander Graham’s taking telegraph took over the local communication rating up to 97%. This was after the long telephone lines and posts were erected throughout the nation It had had now defeated the telegraph in the local competition (Lewis, 52). The same trend was transferred to the international market where the talking telegraph was highly appreciated by people of all walks of life. Development time frame YEAR DEVELOPMENT 1837 Wheatstone and cooke patent telegraph in England 1838 Electro-magnetic Telegraph patent by Morse approved 1843 A message sent from Washington to Baltimore for the first time 1846 First Telegraph line from New York to Washington completed Approval of printing telegraph houses 1848 Press formed telegraph traffic 1849 Approval of Bain’s electro-chemical 1851 Sibley Hiram associates combine with Mississippi valley and New York to form Western Union Telegraph u sed to coordinate trains first 1857 Six nation treaty signed 1859 Transat tic cable laid to Ireland and Valencia from Newfoundland 1861 Completion of Transatlantic Telegraph (1) 1866 Transatlantic is laid (1)successfully Western Union merged together with remaining rivals 1867 Inauguration of stock ticker 1870 Money order services introduced 1876 Bell patents by Alexander Graham, telephone 1908 Western Union controlled by ATT 1924 Tele type system offered by ATT 1926 Formation of stock tickers from San Francisco to New York 1930 500 words could be printed using high speed tickers 1945 Merging of Postal Telegraph Company and Western Union 1962 Western Union provided telex for printing internationally 1974 Westar satellites put in place by Western Union 1988 Western Telecommunication changed to Western Union Cooperation, the company focused on money transfer and loan services Conclusion Telegraph is appreciated for accelerating industrialization in the American states (Brock 34). It also made business dealings easy through sending of messages from one are to another. This mode of communication faced a stiff competition from the telephone until it got faced off (Lewis 58). The main reason why the telegraph got defeated is that the management preferred financial matters like the money orders (Gabler 47). There are some services that were set by the telegraphs and are still in operation. A good example is the telegram that cost $9.95 for every 250 words. The telephone has really improved its outlook and what gave rise to the current mobile phones (Maximilian 38). Works Cited Brock, Gerald W. The Telecommunications Industry: The Dynamics of Market Structure. Harvard University Press, 2001 Coe, Lewis. 2009. The Telegraph, Chicago: SAGE, 2009Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on History of the Telephone and Telegraph in the Europe specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Gab ler, Edwin. The American Telegrapher: A Social History, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 2005. Maximilian Victor Berthold, History of the Telephone and Telegraph in the Argentine New York: Free press, 2004. This essay on History of the Telephone and Telegraph in the Europe was written and submitted by user Mckayla T. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Why An Mba

Why the MBA† is a question, I have asked myself several times. As I started to work in corporate America, I saw getting my MBA as a tool for advancement. My professional goals were to climb the corporate ladder as quickly as possible, and to make lots of money along the way. Getting my MBA was the tool that would help me accomplish my goals. A fifteen year break from school would put this goal on hold. Fortunately, the companies I have worked for showed me that it takes more than a piece of paper to build a successful company. How quickly I had forgotten how I went from a caregiver in a group home to running a network of group homes, or how I went from a front line employee with my present employer to a management position in a year’s time. These accomplishments are why I continually ask myself why get my MBA? I have status within my company, and community. I am financially stable, and to be honest I could take my bi-annual salary increases, bonuses, and one day retir e comfortably. This all sounds good and ten years ago, I would have been quite content to go this route. Unfortunately, I continue to mature, and find myself in a position to make a statement to my children, and to myself. Most who know me would say that a message from me would be about athletics, and the importance of being the best that you can be athletically. That is not the message thatI want to give to my kids. I do want them to be the best that they can be, but not on a basketball court but in the classroom. I have accomplished many things both athletically and professionally. However, I realize now that those accomplishments were hollow. At any time, my basketball coach could have taken my scholarship or chose not to play me. The State of Rhode Island could have come to my office and relieved me of my duties because I did not have my degree. (The position required a master’s degree) My current employer could have placed someone else in my posit... Free Essays on Why An Mba Free Essays on Why An Mba Why the MBA† is a question, I have asked myself several times. As I started to work in corporate America, I saw getting my MBA as a tool for advancement. My professional goals were to climb the corporate ladder as quickly as possible, and to make lots of money along the way. Getting my MBA was the tool that would help me accomplish my goals. A fifteen year break from school would put this goal on hold. Fortunately, the companies I have worked for showed me that it takes more than a piece of paper to build a successful company. How quickly I had forgotten how I went from a caregiver in a group home to running a network of group homes, or how I went from a front line employee with my present employer to a management position in a year’s time. These accomplishments are why I continually ask myself why get my MBA? I have status within my company, and community. I am financially stable, and to be honest I could take my bi-annual salary increases, bonuses, and one day retir e comfortably. This all sounds good and ten years ago, I would have been quite content to go this route. Unfortunately, I continue to mature, and find myself in a position to make a statement to my children, and to myself. Most who know me would say that a message from me would be about athletics, and the importance of being the best that you can be athletically. That is not the message thatI want to give to my kids. I do want them to be the best that they can be, but not on a basketball court but in the classroom. I have accomplished many things both athletically and professionally. However, I realize now that those accomplishments were hollow. At any time, my basketball coach could have taken my scholarship or chose not to play me. The State of Rhode Island could have come to my office and relieved me of my duties because I did not have my degree. (The position required a master’s degree) My current employer could have placed someone else in my posit...

Benefits of Environmental Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Benefits of Environmental Management - Essay Example Successful environmental management will evaluate all opportunities for cost savings, the most common benefits derive from a review of resource/ energy utilization and its efficiency, forcing full consideration of alternative energy sources and their cost-effectiveness. The other primary element will be the minimization of waste and result and cost of disposal. Many companies have addressed the management system for customer requirements related to quality and ISO9000. The range and diversity of customer needs and expectations are constantly growing with many customers increasing preference for use of suppliers and sub-contractors who can demonstrate that they are good environmental citizens. No customer would want to risk a tarnished reputation (or non-compliance to legislation) from the poor environmental performance of their suppliers and sub-contractors. The safest option for the customer is to use suppliers and sub-contractors who can demonstrate their positive environmental performance. The scope and severity of environmental legislation are ever increasing. A management system that ensures recognition of the requirements and compliance with them will ensure that fines are avoided and the staff is not imprisoned in addition to avoidance of the publicity that inevitably follows an environmental prosecution. The investors are increasingly moving to green portfolio's, and it is interesting that the financial performance of these portfolios has been good in comparison to more traditional investment. In seeking additional investment for the organization it is sensible to ensure the widest scope and this is only aided by a demonstrably sound environmental performance. Insurance companies are fully aware of the risk to their policies from the poor environmental performance of the insured. Companies with a sound and effective environmental management system are able to demonstrate that they pose less risk to the insurance company and create a negotiating tool for lower premiums. Some insurance companies now require an environmental audit of the company prior to agreeing on the cover.  Ã‚